The gas transport properties of porous anodes of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) significantly affect the overall SOFC performance. One of the methods to improve the gas transport properties is the addition of a pore former. Porous anodes fabricated with a pore former have fine pores formed between the constituent particles after the reduction of the active metal particles and also relatively large pores formed by the pore former. Therefore, their pore-size distributions (PSDs) have bimodality. However, the gas transport properties of the porous anode with a bimodal pore structure have yet to be clarified. In this study, the effects of the bimodal pore structure on the permeability, one of the important gas transport properties determining SOFC performance, are investigated by experiment. First, five types of porous anodes are fabricated by adding pore former, and their pore structures are analyzed in 3D with the focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). The obtained bimodal PSD is represented by the combination of a normal distribution and a log-normal distribution to separate the contributions of the fine pores and the large pores. This separation process reveals that the mean pore sizes of the pores formed by pore former are around 3 micrometers and around 6 micrometers in the porous anodes adding pore former whose particle sizes are 4 micrometers and 8 micrometers, respectively. Subsequently, the permeability of the porous anodes with bimodal pore structure is measured. The measured permeability is smaller than that estimated assuming that only large pores constitute the pore structure. This indicates that the main flow paths formed by the pore former are not fully connected, and the gas must pass through the flow path formed by fine pores.