A solid-state thermoelectric module (TEM), which operates based on the Peltier effect, converts electricity into cooling and heating. The thermoelectric module has hot and cold sides depending on the electric current direction. In space cooling applications, the cold side absorbs heat from an enclosure, while the hot side transfers heat to the surroundings. Even though the coefficient of performance (COP) of the thermoelectric module is enhanced by raising its figure of merit (ZT), commercial thermoelectric modules have a ZT value of approximately one at room temperature. Another crucial parameter to increase the COP is to reject heat effectively from the hot side of the thermoelectric module. Here, two heat rejection methods are examined to optimize the cooling performance of a thermoelectric module. In the first option, a heat sink with a fan attached to each side restrains the cooling performance due to the heat backflow from the thermoelectric module. In the second option, the heat rejection from the hot side is improved when connected to a heat exchanger with different configurations. The cooling performance is enhanced by applying a larger hot-side heat exchanger to increase heat dissipation from the thermoelectric cooler for which its cold-side air temperature approaches 288 K. These thermoelectric coolers are compact with high reliability, which would fulfill the demands of various cooling applications in off-grid regions.